Apparatus for transferring heat

ABSTRACT

A medium passed from a high temperature system is cooled by the steps of retarding the normal rapid expansion of the medium while maintaining a relatively high velocity thereof while cooling same; passing medium cooled by the first step through a coil section for further cooling same, and performing the first two steps in the presence of a cooling medium. A heat exchanger for carrying out the method has a shell providing a flow path for a cooling medium, and a coil arranged within the shell and including a first coil section which controls expansion of the medium to be cooled and maintains the velocity high enough to maintain any condensate formed in the coil to be rapidly moved along the coil in front of the expanding medium to be cooled thus preventing hammering by preventing spaced areas or slugs of liquid condensate from moving rapidly toward each other as gaseous pockets therebetween are condensed which normally cause reduced pressure areas therebetween, and a second coil section connected to the first coil section to receive the medium to be cooled for further cooling same. The first coil section has a pair of headers and a plurality of helical loops connected between the headers. The second coil section is formed by a plurality of helical loops connected together in series.

United States Patent [1 1 Gaines, Jr.

[4 1 Mar. 26, 1974 APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING HEAT 7 WA [76] Inventor: Paul C. Gaines, Jr., 1043 Alogonquin Trl., Frankfort, Ky. 40601 [22] Filed: Nov. 18, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 199,989

Primary Examiner-Charles Sukalo Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Clarence A. OBrien; Harvey B. Jacobson [57] ABSTRACT A medium passed from a high temperature system is cooled by the steps of retarding the normal rapid expansion of the medium while maintaining a relatively high velocity thereof while cooling same; passing me dium cooled by the first step through a coil section for further cooling same, and performing the first two steps in the presence of a cooling medium. A heat exchanger for carrying out the method has a shell providing a flow path for a cooling medium, and a coil arranged within the shell and including a first coil section which controls expansion of the medium to be cooled and maintains the velocity high enough to maintain any condensate formed in the coil to be rap idly moved along the coil in front of the expanding medium to be cooled thus preventing hammering by preventing spaced areas or slugs of liquid condensate from moving rapidly toward each other as gaseous pockets therebetween are condensed which normally cause reduced pressure areas therebetween, and a second coil section connected to the first coil section to receive the medium to be cooled for further cooling same. The first coil section has a pair of headers and a plurality of helical loops connected between the headers. The second coil section is formed by a plurality of helical loops connected together in series.

5 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures I APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING HEAT BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention V This invention relates to apparatus for transferring system, and cool this condensate without hammer o r other adverse affects, so as to permit the condensate to be discharged into low temperature systems.

2. Description of the Prior Art High temperature systems, such as high pressure steam systems, are commonly used in which a medium such as a fluid, is passed therefrom at a very high temperature and pressure. This is particularly true in passing a condensate from a high pressure steam system. Because of the high pressure, the condensate is very hot. When attempting to cool this hot condensate so that it can be discharged into low temperature systems, the use of conventional heat exchangers has resulted in water hammer, or noise in the coils due to unsteady flow, in the cooling medium itself flashing to steam, and other adverse affects.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide apparatus for cooling a medium passed from a high temperature system in a heat exchanger which will e iminate waterw hammer dnther ve eaf ectsand performing the first two steps in the presence of a 55 med um- A heat exchanger according to the present invention is provided for performing the method, and has a shell providing a flow path for a cooling medium, a coil arranged in said shell, and including means for retarding expansion of a medium to be cooled for cooling same and means connected to the expanding means for receiving the medium to be cooled from the expanding means forfurther cooling samg. W

In a-preferred embodiment of the expanding means, a first coil section is provided which has a plurality of helical loops connected in parallel between a pair of headers. One of the headers is connected to the further cooling means and the other is adapted to be connected to s e f a med m tabs sett ed.

A preferred embodiment of the further cooling means has a second coil section formed by a plurality of i l q ps. sqnns te sssths inserts The shell of the heat exchanger according to the present invention preferably has a cylinder with spaced end portions, and means for enclosing the end portions and for connecting the shell to a cooling medium flow system. The first coil section may have a pipe arranged transversely with respect to the cylinder and passing therethrough, and connected to the other of the headers for connecting same to a source of a medium to be cooled. Another pipe may be arranged transversely with respect to the cylinder and passing therethrough and connected to the second coil section for passing cooled medium from the heat exchanger.

These together with other objects and advantages which will become subsequently apparent reside in the details of construction and operation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a heat exchanger according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken generally along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is an end view, partly cut away and in section, of the heat exchanger according to FIGS. 1 and 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the drawings, a heat exchanger 10 according to the present invention has a shell 12 providing a flow path for a cooling medium (not shown), and a coil 14 arranged within shell 12. Coil 14 has means 16 controllably expanding a medium to be cooled for cooling same, and a means 18 connected to means 16 for receiving the medium to be cooled therefrom for further cooling the medium to be cooled.

Means 16 has a first coil section 20 with a plurality of helical loops 22. Coil section 20 has also a pair of headers 24, 25. Header 24 is adapted to be connected to a source of a medium to be cooled and header 25 is connected to means 18. The source is not shown in the drawings. Helical loops 22 are connected in parallel between headers 24, 25.

Means 18 has a second coil section 26 which is formed by a plurality of helical loops 28 connected together in series. It is to be understood that coil section 26 may be constructed from a length of tubing which is coiled in a known manner.

Shell 12 has a cylinder 30 with spaced end portions 32. A means 34 is provided for enclosing end portions 32, and for connecting shell 12 to a cooling medium flow system. Means 34 has a flange ring 36 connected to end portions 32 in a suitable, known manner, such as by welding or brazing, and a cover plate 38 attached to flange ring 36 as by, for example, bolt and nut assemblies 39. Each cover plate 38 is provided with a flange 40 arranged about an opening 41 also provided in each cover plate 38. The orientation of inlet pipe in relation to the coil sections and outlet pipe may be varied by selective angulation of the end plates 38 and the heat exchanges may be vertically oriented if desired. Pipes 42 may be attached to flanges 40 as by screw threads or welding for connecting heat exchanger 10 to a cooling medium flow system. Such a system is conventional, and has not been shown in the drawings.

Coil section 20 has a pipe 44 arranged transversely with respect to cylinder 30 and passing therethrough. Pipe 44 is connected to header 24 for connecting header 24 to a source of a medium to be cooled. A pipe 46 is also arranged transversely with respect to cylinder 30 and passing therethrough, and is connected to the end of coil section 26 opposite the end connected to header 25 for passing cooled medium from the heat exchanger.

Heat exchanger can be mounted directly into pipes 42 of the cooling or low temperature medium. It is then connected to a source of a medium passed from a high temperature system which may be a condensate from a high pressure steam system. Thus, header 24 will receive a condensate at high pressure and high temperature from the steam trap of a high temperature steam system. By means of a widely-spaced first coil section and the larger second coil section 26, the temperature of the condensate will be reduced without noise or hammer in the coils which is caused by the condensate flashing to steam as it expands and forming spaced areas of liquid and steam which upon further cooling are condensed and form reduced pressure areas that then cause the areas of liquid to move rapidly towards each other and resulting in a hammering noise. By retarding the expansion and maintaining a high velocity through the coil, the liquid condensate will move at a velocity sufficient to maintain the liquid in the form of a wall or continuous column as it is cooled thereby eliminating the hammering noise.

The header-type system used for coil section 20 has its plurality of small diameter coils of small size pipe dimensioned to retard expansion of the high temperature condensate and cool same. The spacing and sizing of loops 22 is such that the cooling medium surrounding coil section 20 will not rise in temperature so rapidly as to cause the cooling medium itself to be flashed to steam. After the temperature is reduced sufficiently in coil section 20, the condensate is then run through the larger diameter, series-type coil section 26, which is constructed of larger diameter pipe size to further cool the condensate and completely reduce the condensate temperature to that of the cooling medium. This condensate can then be either discharged into the cooling medium or connected to any external discharge point.

By mounting the coil sections 20,26, on pipes 44,46, respectively, complete freedom of movement required for rapid expansion and contraction of coil sections 20,26, in response to rapid temperature changes is realized.

The various elements of heat exchanger 10 may be constructed in a known manner from suitable, known materials. Material selection is determined by the specific requirements dictated by varying operating conditions involving the parameters of temperature, pressure, corrosiveness, and the like. The particular dimensions ofa heat exchanger 10 are determined by the flow rates and temperatures of the cooling medium and the medium being cooled.

Although a condensate has been used as an example of a fluid passed through heat exchanger 10, it is to be understood that any suitable fluid may be cooled in a heat exchanger 10.

The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.

What is claimed as new is as follows:

1. A heat exchanger, comprising, in combination:

a. a shell providing a flow path for a cooling medium;

and

b. a coil arranged within said flow path, and including means for retarding expansion of a medium to be cooled while cooling same and preventing evaporation of the cooling medium, and means separate from and connected to the retarding expansion means for receiving the medium to be cooled from the retarding expansion means for further cooling same, said retarding expansion means including a pair of headers, and a first coil section with a plurality of loops constructed from pipe having a diameter dimensioned to retard expansion of the medium and cool same and connected in parallel between the headers, one of the headers connected to the further cooling means and the other header adapted to be connected to a source of a medium to be cooled, and the further cooling means including a second coil section formed by a plurality of loops constructed of pipe having a diameter larger than the diameter of the first coil section pipe.

2. A structure as defined in claim 1, wherein said loops of the first coil section are helical loops.

3. A structure as defined in claim 1, wherein said shell includes a cylinder with spaced end portions, and means for enclosing the end portions and for connecting said shell to a cooling medium flow system.

4. A structure as defined in claim 1, wherein said first coil section further includes a pipe arranged transversely with respect to said cylinder and passing therethrough, said pipe connected to the other of said headers for connecting same to a source of a medium to be cooled, and said second coil section further includes a pipe arranged transversely with respect to said cylinder and passing therethrough for passing cooled medium from the heat exchanger.

5. A structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the second coil section is formed by a plurality of helical loops connected together in series.

it 1K 4 

1. A heat exchanger, comprising, in combination: a. a shell providing a flow path for a cooling medium; and b. a coil arranged within said flow path, and including means for retarding expansion of a medium to be cooled while cooling same and preventing evaporation of the cooling medium, and means separate from and connected to the retarding expansion means for receiving the medium to be cooled from the retarding expansion means for further cooling same, said retarding expansion means including a pair of headers, and a first coil section with a plurality of loops constructed from pipe having a diameter dimensioned to retard Expansion of the medium and cool same and connected in parallel between the headers, one of the headers connected to the further cooling means and the other header adapted to be connected to a source of a medium to be cooled, and the further cooling means including a second coil section formed by a plurality of loops constructed of pipe having a diameter larger than the diameter of the first coil section pipe.
 2. A structure as defined in claim 1, wherein said loops of the first coil section are helical loops.
 3. A structure as defined in claim 1, wherein said shell includes a cylinder with spaced end portions, and means for enclosing the end portions and for connecting said shell to a cooling medium flow system.
 4. A structure as defined in claim 1, wherein said first coil section further includes a pipe arranged transversely with respect to said cylinder and passing therethrough, said pipe connected to the other of said headers for connecting same to a source of a medium to be cooled, and said second coil section further includes a pipe arranged transversely with respect to said cylinder and passing therethrough for passing cooled medium from the heat exchanger.
 5. A structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the second coil section is formed by a plurality of helical loops connected together in series. 